Gas Properties & Conversion Data

Reference data for common industrial gases used in air separation and gas plants. It includes:

Gaseous Composition of Air

Dry atmospheric air is made up mainly of nitrogen and oxygen, with small amounts of argon, carbon dioxide and trace gases.

Major components (by volume):

Gas Symbol Type % by Volume Volumes per Million
Nitrogen N2 CA 78.084 780,840
Oxygen O2 CA 78.084 780,840
Argon Ar RG 78.084 780,840
Carbon Dioxide CO2 CA 78.084 780,840

Trace gases (typical values):

Neon, helium, krypton, xenon and hydrogen are present only in very small amounts (from around 18 
volumes per million for neon down to less than 1 volume per million for xenon and hydrogen).

Liquid / Gas Ratios – Oxygen, Nitrogen & Argon

The tables below show how much gas (in normal cubic metres at 0 °C and 15 °C) is obtained from a given mass or liquid volume of cryogenic liquid.

Liquid to Gas – by Mass

Oxygen
Mass Basis Liquid Volume (L) Gas Volume @0 °C (Nm³) Gas Volume @15 °C (Nm³)
1 tonne 879.0 699.6 738.2
1 long ton 893.0 710.8 750.0
1 short ton 797.3 634.6 634.6
1 Kg 0.879 0.6996 0.7382
Nitrogen
Mass Basis Liquid Volume (L) Gas Volume @0 °C (Nm³) Gas Volume @15 °C (Nm³)
1 tonne 1244.0 799.4 843.6
1 long ton 1264.0 812.2 857.1
1 short ton 1128.0 725.0 764.2
1 Kg 1.2440 0.7994 0.8436
Argon
Mass Basis Liquid Volume (L) Gas Volume @0 °C (Nm³) Gas Volume @15 °C (Nm³)
1 Kg 0.7180 0.5603 0.5912

Gas Conversion Data – Mass, Gas Volume & Liquid Volume

The following tables give quick conversion factors between:
  • Weight (kilograms)
  • Gas volume in normal cubic metres (Nm³) at 1 atm and 0 °C
  • Liquid volume in litres (L)

Liquid to Gas – by Mass

Oxygen
Mass Basis Weight (kg) Gas (Nm³) Liquid (L)
1 Kilogram 1.0 0.6996 0.8762
1 Nm³ Gas 1.4282 1.0 1.2511
1 L Liquid 1.1416 0.7995 1.0
Nitrogen
Mass Basis Weight (kg) Gas (Nm³) Liquid (L)
1 Kilogram 1.0 0.7996 1.2349
1 Nm³ Gas 1.2506 1.0 1.5443
1 L Liquid 0.8083 0.6464 1.0
Argon
Mass Basis Weight (kg) Gas (Nm³) Liquid (L)
1 Kilogram 1.0 0.5605 0.7176
1 Nm³ Gas 1.7840 1.0 1.2802
1 L Liquid 1.3936 0.7812 1.0
Neon
Mass Basis Weight (kg) Gas (Nm³) Liquid (L)
1 Kilogram 1.0 1.1112 0.8292
1 Nm³ Gas 0.8999 1.0 0.7462
1 L Liquid 1.2070 1.3410 1.0
Helium
Mass Basis Weight (kg) Gas (Nm³) Liquid (L)
1 Kilogram 1.0 5.603 8.006
1 Nm³ Gas 0.17847 1.0 1.4289
1 L Liquid 0.1249 0.6998 1.0
Hydrogen
Mass Basis Weight (kg) Gas (Nm³) Liquid (L)
1 Kilogram 1.0 11.126 14.128
1 Nm³ Gas 0.08988 1.0 1.2699
1 L Liquid 0.07078 0.7881 1.0

Note: Nm³ values are based on gas at 1 atmosphere and 0 °C. Values are rounded to a practical number of significant figures for engineering use.

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